Yes We Can

Tarjetita de invitación
Arturo Arriagada
www.antimedios.cl

Si las elecciones presidenciales son como un matrimonio entre la ciudadanía y los candidatos, las campañas políticas -y sus correspondientes "ideas fuerza"- son la invitación a dicha celebración. Si bien quedan algunos meses para que comience la campaña presidencial de manera oficial, los actuales slogan disponibles en las páginas Web de los candidatos no dan para pensar en grandes celebraciones.

Las ideas fuerza de una campaña política nos permiten entender las lecturas que hacen del país quienes aspiran a gobernarlo. A su vez, sirven para identificar a los candidatos y asociarlos con sus propuestas. Por historia personal y carisma, Obama se podía dar el lujo de hacer un copy- paste de las frases de Luther King para explicar su proyecto de gobierno. Pero su célebre "yes we can" resumía de manera precisa la lectura que él hacía de los decepcionados ciudadanos norteamericanos. Al contarnos el país en el que soñaba vivir, Bachelet utilizó la misma estrategia en su campaña en 2005. Su "Estoy Contigo" representaba las ganas de los chilenos por más participación e inclusión social. Aunque todavía no se han definido los slogan de los candidatos, lo que se encuentra en sus actuales páginas Web dan algunas señales para pensar lo que veremos en la campaña presidencial de este año.

Reacio a mostrarse como un ex presidente, Eduardo Frei opta en su plataforma online por apelar al sentimiento nacional. "Chile gana con Frei" es su idea fuerza disponible en www.efrei.cl. Arrancando de sus socios de la Concertación y con un mensaje más propio de los años ´70 que de un ex presidente que inauguró los gaseoductos, Frei invita a los chilenos a sumarse a su candidatura. Su invitación anticipa un matrimonio que intenta celebrar con empanadas y vino tinto pero en un frío y moderno centro de eventos, cuyos invitados están más nerviosos que los novios.

En la misma lógica ajena a los partidos, en www.pinera2010.cl el candidato de la Alianza habla de un "Chile con todo... Chile con todos". Si en 2005 sus ganas por verse en los libros de historia lo llevaron a presentarse como "Piñera Presidente", en esta elección opta por ser un motivador entre Bonvallet y Donald Trump. En su parte de matrimonio -con logos de multitienda en las cuales probablemente tendría alguna participación- Piñera invitaría a todo el país a la celebración y haría una encuesta para saber qué quieren comer los invitados.

Cuando la estrategia es imitar modelos exitosos, no siempre las adaptaciones dan buenos resultados. Tanto Frei como Piñera aspiran a interpretar los "sueños" de los chilenos para sumar apoyos. Preocupado del destino del ser humano en un mundo incierto, Frei aspira a convertirse en el Al Gore criollo. En sus ganas de parecerse a Obama, Piñera se asocia más al Lavín del ´99 y 2005 cuando invita a los chilenos a liderar el "cambio" y escuchar sus "sueños". Hay que recordar que las campañas presidenciales de Gore en 2000 y Lavín -en sus dos versiones- terminaron por convertirse en derrotas con sabor a triunfo, pero derrotas al fin y al cabo.

Con un lenguaje novedoso y con menos recursos y adherentes que Frei y Piñera, Marco Enríquez-Ominami se define como "El futuro" y afirma "Porque Chile cambió" en www.marco2010.cl. Si bien hasta ahora su lectura del país se asocia a la crítica del politburó chilensis, su idea fuerza refleja tanto la novedad en sí misma de su candidatura como las ganas de entrar en una batalla donde todos -menos él- son viejos conocidos. Más que ser un matrimonio innovador, Enríquez-Ominami nos invita a una celebración transgresora. En viernes santo con Jodorowsky como maestro de ceremonia y el Liguria a cargo del banquete.

Si bien en sus campañas los candidatos están integrando el uso de nuevas formas de comunicación online, no siempre se hacen cargo de la invitación que están extendiendo a la ciudadanía. Para demostrar esto, un sencillo ejemplo. Un amigo me dijo que su voto en esta elección presidencial va a ir para el candidato que esté en contra de las centrales hidroeléctricas. Ya que hasta ese momento ninguno de los candidatos se había manifestado con claridad al respecto en los medios, mi amigo le mandó un mail a Piñera, Frei y Enríquez-Ominami a través de sus sitios Web. Hasta ahora el único que le ha contestado su pregunta es Marco Enríquez-Ominami. Algunos dirán que el autonominado candidato tiene más tiempo para contestar preguntas que Frei o Piñera. Pero lo importante acá es el vínculo que el candidato generó con un potencial votante. Ahora mi amigo promueve la candidatura de Enríquez-Ominami por Facebook e incita a sus amigos a votar por él. Si un candidato quiere ser exitoso en su campaña 2.0 invitando a la ciudadanía a ser parte de su proyecto, tiene que aspirar a lograr un diálogo con los electores a través de sus plataformas online. No sólo de links vive la campaña 2.0.

Esta nueva forma de invitar a la ciudadanía a participar en campañas electorales cobra relevancia por tres razones. 1) Porque es la plataforma que los candidatos pueden usar para difundir sus mensajes sin el filtro de los medios de comunicación. En sus sitios Web, los candidatos pueden proponer temas de campaña que golpeen a los medios masivos y pasar a ser parte de sus agendas. 2) Porque al presentar sus campañas en Internet, los candidatos aspiran cautivar el interés de nuevos electores -como mi amigo- especialmente jóvenes. Con su invitación online, Obama logró materializar su idea fuerza -change, yes we can- en una nueva forma de comunicarse con los ciudadanos a través de la red, transformando la fidelidad y el entusiasmo online en votos a través del diálogo. 3) La posibilidad que ofrece la comunicación online para establecer vínculos más cercanos y efectivos entre candidatos y ciudadanos es parte de una nueva forma de hacer política.

Si bien los actuales candidatos aprendieron a ser políticos con los códigos del siglo pasado, tienen que aprender de a poco el nuevo lenguaje que utiliza la política 2.0. Más cercano, recíproco e interactivo que el de las grandes concentraciones y las cuñas para la tele. Para ello los candidatos pueden soltar un poco las amarras de sus campañas y delegarlas en parte en una ciudadanía ansiosa por participar en ellas. Por ejemplo, sólo Enríquez-Ominami posee en Facebook un espacio para que la gente se organice por su cuenta en torno a una actividad de campaña o un tema de discusión. El resto sólo recoleta datos, mails y teléfonos donde el ciudadano sigue siendo un receptor pasivo de la información del candidato. Lo anterior refleja el miedo por parte de los actores políticos de soltar un poco el sartén y delegar en las personas la reflexión de sus temas de campaña en el mundo online. Sería interesante ver un grupo de gente que organice un encuentro comunitario para discutir las propuestas de un candidato a través del sitio Web del mismo.

Siempre tomamos una decisión cuando recibimos una invitación de matrimonio. Si el parte es atractivo y transmite tanto la historia de amor de los novios como sus ganas por compartirla, nos dan ganas de celebrar con ellos. En cambio si el parte se centra sólo en los apellidos de las familias, el matrimonio puede pasar a ser un trámite o sencillamente desecharse. La invitación que Frei y Piñera envían a los ciudadanos a través de sus ideas fuerza es confusa. Cuando sus rostros en la prensa reflejan el cansancio de su propia historia política, en sus plataformas online se muestran como los representantes del "cambio" para realizar los "sueños" de miles de chilenos. Si bien se rejuvenecen en el mundo online, todavía no le han contestado el mail a mi amigo. Hasta ahora, sin tener permiso para casarse y con menos pretensión que Frei y Piñera, Enríquez-Ominami se hace cargo de esta "nueva" forma de hacer política. A seis meses de la elección presidencial, la invitación de los novios para esta elección pronostica un matrimonio más tradicional que transgresor y cuya asistencia -al parecer- será más por la cercanía histórica con los novios que por su historia de amor con la ciudadanía.

Algún día podré contarle a mis hijos que vi por televisión las elecciones de EE.UU. cuando ganó Barack Obama. Algo que ellos van a leer en los libros de historia.

Adjunto el discurso que realizó Obama anoche para celebrar su victoria y el editorial que hoy publica el New York Times explicando la importancia de su triunfo.

Gran discurso y gran poder para comunicar sus ideas. Barack Obama, el nuevo presidente de EE.UU., que a ratos parece ser una nueva inspiración para todo el mundo.

Arturo Arriagada

Barack Obama
November 5, 2008

If there is anyone out there who still doubts that America is a place where all things are possible; who still wonders if the dream of our founders is alive in our time; who still questions the power of our democracy, tonight is your answer.

It's the answer told by lines that stretched around schools and churches in numbers this nation has never seen; by people who waited three hours and four hours, many for the very first time in their lives, because they believed that this time must be different; that their voice could be that difference.

It's the answer spoken by young and old, rich and poor, Democrat and Republican, black, white, Latino, Asian, Native American, gay, straight, disabled and not disabled - Americans who sent a message to the world that we have never been a collection of Red States and Blue States: we are, and always will be, the United States of America.

It's the answer that led those who have been told for so long by so many to be cynical, and fearful, and doubtful of what we can achieve to put their hands on the arc of history and bend it once more toward the hope of a better day.

It's been a long time coming, but tonight, because of what we did on this day, in this election, at this defining moment, change has come to America.

I just received a very gracious call from Senator McCain. He fought long and hard in this campaign, and he's fought even longer and harder for the country he loves. He has endured sacrifices for America that most of us cannot begin to imagine, and we are better off for the service rendered by this brave and selfless leader. I congratulate him and Governor Palin for all they have achieved, and I look forward to working with them to renew this nation's promise in the months ahead.

I want to thank my partner in this journey, a man who campaigned from his heart and spoke for the men and women he grew up with on the streets of Scranton and rode with on that train home to Delaware, the Vice President-elect of the United States, Joe Biden.

I would not be standing here tonight without the unyielding support of my best friend for the last sixteen years, the rock of our family and the love of my life, our nation's next First Lady, Michelle Obama. Sasha and Malia, I love you both so much, and you have earned the new puppy that's coming with us to the White House. And while she's no longer with us, I know my grandmother is watching, along with the family that made me who I am. I miss them tonight, and know that my debt to them is beyond measure.

To my campaign manager David Plouffe, my chief strategist David Axelrod, and the best campaign team ever assembled in the history of politics - you made this happen, and I am forever grateful for what you've sacrificed to get it done.

But above all, I will never forget who this victory truly belongs to - it belongs to you.

I was never the likeliest candidate for this office. We didn't start with much money or many endorsements. Our campaign was not hatched in the halls of Washington - it began in the backyards of Des Moines and the living rooms of Concord and the front porches of Charleston.

It was built by working men and women who dug into what little savings they had to give five dollars and ten dollars and twenty dollars to this cause. It grew strength from the young people who rejected the myth of their generation's apathy; who left their homes and their families for jobs that offered little pay and less sleep; from the not-so-young people who braved the bitter cold and scorching heat to knock on the doors of perfect strangers; from the millions of Americans who volunteered, and organized, and proved that more than two centuries later, a government of the people, by the people and for the people has not perished from this Earth. This is your victory.

I know you didn't do this just to win an election and I know you didn't do it for me. You did it because you understand the enormity of the task that lies ahead. For even as we celebrate tonight, we know the challenges that tomorrow will bring are the greatest of our lifetime - two wars, a planet in peril, the worst financial crisis in a century. Even as we stand here tonight, we know there are brave Americans waking up in the deserts of Iraq and the mountains of Afghanistan to risk their lives for us. There are mothers and fathers who will lie awake after their children fall asleep and wonder how they'll make the mortgage, or pay their doctor's bills, or save enough for college. There is new energy to harness and new jobs to be created; new schools to build and threats to meet and alliances to repair.

The road ahead will be long. Our climb will be steep. We may not get there in one year or even one term, but America - I have never been more hopeful than I am tonight that we will get there. I promise you - we as a people will get there.

There will be setbacks and false starts. There are many who won't agree with every decision or policy I make as President, and we know that government can't solve every problem. But I will always be honest with you about the challenges we face. I will listen to you, especially when we disagree. And above all, I will ask you join in the work of remaking this nation the only way it's been done in America for two-hundred and twenty-one years - block by block, brick by brick, calloused hand by calloused hand.

What began twenty-one months ago in the depths of winter must not end on this autumn night. This victory alone is not the change we seek - it is only the chance for us to make that change. And that cannot happen if we go back to the way things were. It cannot happen without you.

So let us summon a new spirit of patriotism; of service and responsibility where each of us resolves to pitch in and work harder and look after not only ourselves, but each other. Let us remember that if this financial crisis taught us anything, it's that we cannot have a thriving Wall Street while Main Street suffers - in this country, we rise or fall as one nation; as one people.

Let us resist the temptation to fall back on the same partisanship and pettiness and immaturity that has poisoned our politics for so long. Let us remember that it was a man from this state who first carried the banner of the Republican Party to the White House - a party founded on the values of self-reliance, individual liberty, and national unity. Those are values we all share, and while the Democratic Party has won a great victory tonight, we do so with a measure of humility and determination to heal the divides that have held back our progress. As Lincoln said to a nation far more divided than ours, "We are not enemies, but friends...though passion may have strained it must not break our bonds of affection." And to those Americans whose support I have yet to earn - I may not have won your vote, but I hear your voices, I need your help, and I will be your President too.

And to all those watching tonight from beyond our shores, from parliaments and palaces to those who are huddled around radios in the forgotten corners of our world - our stories are singular, but our destiny is shared, and a new dawn of American leadership is at hand. To those who would tear this world down - we will defeat you. To those who seek peace and security - we support you. And to all those who have wondered if America's beacon still burns as bright - tonight we proved once more that the true strength of our nation comes not from our the might of our arms or the scale of our wealth, but from the enduring power of our ideals: democracy, liberty, opportunity, and unyielding hope.

For that is the true genius of America - that America can change. Our union can be perfected. And what we have already achieved gives us hope for what we can and must achieve tomorrow.

This election had many firsts and many stories that will be told for generations. But one that's on my mind tonight is about a woman who cast her ballot in Atlanta. She's a lot like the millions of others who stood in line to make their voice heard in this election except for one thing - Ann Nixon Cooper is 106 years old.

She was born just a generation past slavery; a time when there were no cars on the road or planes in the sky; when someone like her couldn't vote for two reasons - because she was a woman and because of the color of her skin.

And tonight, I think about all that she's seen throughout her century in America - the heartache and the hope; the struggle and the progress; the times we were told that we can't, and the people who pressed on with that American creed: Yes we can.

At a time when women's voices were silenced and their hopes dismissed, she lived to see them stand up and speak out and reach for the ballot. Yes we can.

When there was despair in the dust bowl and depression across the land, she saw a nation conquer fear itself with a New Deal, new jobs and a new sense of common purpose. Yes we can.

When the bombs fell on our harbor and tyranny threatened the world, she was there to witness a generation rise to greatness and a democracy was saved. Yes we can.

She was there for the buses in Montgomery, the hoses in Birmingham, a bridge in Selma, and a preacher from Atlanta who told a people that "We Shall Overcome." Yes we can.

A man touched down on the moon, a wall came down in Berlin, a world was connected by our own science and imagination. And this year, in this election, she touched her finger to a screen, and cast her vote, because after 106 years in America, through the best of times and the darkest of hours, she knows how America can change. Yes we can.

America, we have come so far. We have seen so much. But there is so much more to do. So tonight, let us ask ourselves - if our children should live to see the next century; if my daughters should be so lucky to live as long as Ann Nixon Cooper, what change will they see? What progress will we have made?

This is our chance to answer that call. This is our moment. This is our time - to put our people back to work and open doors of opportunity for our kids; to restore prosperity and promote the cause of peace; to reclaim the American Dream and reaffirm that fundamental truth - that out of many, we are one; that while we breathe, we hope, and where we are met with cynicism, and doubt, and those who tell us that we can't, we will respond with that timeless creed that sums up the spirit of a people:

Yes We Can. Thank you, God bless you, and may God Bless the United States of America.